Table of Contents
पैसिव फंड एक प्रकार के फंड होते हैं जो लगातार ट्रैक करते हैं aमंडी एक फंड को अधिकतम लाभ प्राप्त करने की अनुमति देने के लिए सूचकांक। यह एक ऐसे पोर्टफोलियो में निवेश करता है जो a . की नकल करता हैबाजार सूचकांक जैसे निफ्टी, सेंसेक्स, आदि। पोर्टफोलियो में उनके अनुपात के साथ सभी प्रतिभूतियां उसी इंडेक्स के समान होंगी जो फंड ट्रैक कर रहा है।
पैसिव फंड में, फंड मैनेजर सक्रिय रूप से यह नहीं चुनता कि कौन से स्टॉक फंड बनाएंगे। यह एक कारण है कि सक्रिय फंडों की तुलना में निष्क्रिय फंडों में निवेश करना आसान होता है। निवेशक पैसिव फंड तब खरीदते हैं जब वे चाहते हैं कि उनका रिटर्न बाजार के अनुरूप हो। ये फंड कम लागत वाले फंड हैं क्योंकि स्टॉक चुनने और शोध करने में कोई लागत शामिल नहीं है।
पैसिव फंड दो प्रकार के होते हैं, जैसे -
इंडेक्स फंड्स एक ओपन-एंडेड योजना है जहां निवेशक की इकाइयों को खरीदते और भुनाते हैंम्यूचुअल फंड्स शुद्ध संपत्ति मूल्यों पर। दूसरे शब्दों में, इंडेक्स फंड का प्रदर्शन किसी विशेष इंडेक्स के प्रदर्शन पर निर्भर करता है। इंडेक्स फंड में उसी अनुपात में शेयर होते हैं जैसे वे किसी विशेष इंडेक्स में होते हैं।
एक्सचेंज-ट्रेडेड फंड की इकाइयाँ स्टॉक एक्सचेंज में बेतरतीब ढंग से सूचीबद्ध होती हैं। निवेशक के माध्यम से रीयल-टाइम कीमतों पर इकाइयाँ खरीदते और बेचते हैंडीमैट खाता.
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उनके कार्य करने और प्रभावित करने के तरीके में विशिष्ट अंतर हैंइन्वेस्टर.
सारणी निष्क्रिय फंड और सक्रिय फंड के बीच अंतर करती है:
निष्क्रिय निधि | सक्रिय निधि |
---|---|
फंड मैनेजर फंड के चयन में सक्रिय रूप से भाग नहीं लेता है | फंड मैनेजर बहुत सारे शोध के लिए प्रतिबद्ध हैं और बाजार के प्रदर्शन के आधार पर विभिन्न प्रतिभूतियों में फंड का चयन करने के लिए तदनुसार कदम उठाते हैं |
कम लागत | लागत अधिक |
कम व्यय अनुपात के कारण लोकप्रियता | महंगा प्रबंधन इसे कम लोकप्रिय बनाता है |
2019 में, भारतीय निवेशकों ने पाया कि पैसिव म्यूचुअल फंड भरोसेमंद थे। निष्क्रिय निधियों द्वारा प्रबंधित कुल संपत्ति, जिसमें सोना औरईटीएफ अन्य इंडेक्स फंडों के साथ बहुत बड़ा था। यह पाया गया कि यह पर खड़ा थारु. 177,181 करोड़
30 नवंबर 2019 को।
एसोसिएशन ऑफ म्युचुअल फंड्स इन इंडिया (एम्फी) ने कहा कि इंडेक्स फंड्स ने का एयूएम इकट्ठा किया हैरु. 7717 करोड़
नवंबर 2019 को। निष्क्रिय लार्ज-कैप ईटीएफ सक्रिय रूप से प्रबंधित की तुलना में 11.53% का रिटर्न प्रदान करते हैंलार्ज कैप फंड जो 10.19% की पेशकश की।
गोल्ड ईटीएफ यहां पर खड़ारु. 5,540.40 करोड़
नवंबर 2019 तक। यह रुपये की तुलना में आता है। दिसंबर 2018 में 4,571 करोड़। अन्य ईटीएफ का एयूएम रु। 1,63,923.66 करोड़ रुपये की तुलना में। 2018 के अंत में 1,07,363 करोड़।
2019 के एक बड़े हिस्से में देखा गया कि लार्ज-कैप योजनाएं रिटर्न चार्ट में सबसे ऊपर थीं। 2020 में भी, शीर्ष 15 लार्ज-कैप योजनाओं में से नौ निष्क्रिय फंड हैं।
दुनिया भर में मौजूदा स्थिति के साथ, वित्तीय बाजार गहरी चिंता के मुद्दों का सामना कर रहे हैं। जबकि निवेशक अतीत में जोखिम लेने के लिए तैयार थे, आज की स्थितियों ने अधिकांश निवेशकों को एक की तलाश करने के लिए प्रेरित किया हैसुरक्षित ठिकाना. इसका मतलब है कि वे ऐसे निवेश की तलाश में हैं जो उच्च रिटर्न या कम से कम स्थिर रिटर्न दे।
कई निवेशक अब निष्क्रिय मोड जैसे एक्सचेंज ट्रेडेड फंड या इंडेक्स फंड के माध्यम से निवेश करना चाह रहे हैं। AMFI के अनुसार, इंडेक्स फंड्स में इनफ्लो को अब तक के उच्चतम स्तर का सामना करना पड़ारु. 2076.5 करोड़
मार्च 2020 में।
निष्क्रिय म्युचुअल फंड की बढ़ती लोकप्रियता के साथ, उच्च रिटर्न प्राप्त करने की संभावना अधिक है। यहां सबसे अच्छे पैसिव म्यूचुअल फंड हैं जिन्हें आप निवेश करना चुन सकते हैं:
Fund NAV Net Assets (Cr) 3 MO (%) 6 MO (%) 1 YR (%) 3 YR (%) 5 YR (%) 2023 (%) Nippon India Index Fund - Sensex Plan Growth ₹41.1371
↓ -0.12 ₹745 2 9.1 23.2 11.3 17 19.5 LIC MF Index Fund Sensex Growth ₹152.052
↓ -0.44 ₹86 1.8 8.7 22.5 10.8 16.6 19 Franklin India Index Fund Nifty Plan Growth ₹200.054
↓ -0.28 ₹728 2.9 10.3 26.6 12.2 17.4 20.2 SBI Nifty Index Fund Growth ₹219.074
↓ -0.30 ₹8,484 2.8 10.3 26.8 12.3 17.6 20.7 IDBI Nifty Index Fund Growth ₹36.2111
↓ -0.02 ₹208 9.1 11.9 16.2 20.3 11.7 Note: Returns up to 1 year are on absolute basis & more than 1 year are on CAGR basis. as on 11 Oct 24
*कम से कम वाले इंडेक्स म्यूचुअल फंड की सूची नीचे दी गई है15 करोड़
या अधिक शुद्ध संपत्ति में।
The primary investment objective of the scheme is to replicate the composition of the Sensex, with a view to generate returns that are commensurate with the performance of the Sensex, subject to tracking errors. Nippon India Index Fund - Sensex Plan is a Others - Index Fund fund was launched on 28 Sep 10. It is a fund with Moderately High risk and has given a Below is the key information for Nippon India Index Fund - Sensex Plan Returns up to 1 year are on The main investment objective of the fund is to generate returns commensurate with the performance of the index either Nifty / Sensex based on the plans by investing in the respective index stocks subject to tracking errors. LIC MF Index Fund Sensex is a Others - Index Fund fund was launched on 14 Nov 02. It is a fund with Moderately High risk and has given a Below is the key information for LIC MF Index Fund Sensex Returns up to 1 year are on The Investment Objective of the Scheme is to invest in companies whose securities are included in the Nifty and subject to tracking errors, endeavouring to attain results commensurate with the Nifty 50 under NSENifty Plan Franklin India Index Fund Nifty Plan is a Others - Index Fund fund was launched on 4 Aug 00. It is a fund with Moderately High risk and has given a Below is the key information for Franklin India Index Fund Nifty Plan Returns up to 1 year are on The scheme will adopt a passive investment strategy. The scheme will
invest in stocks comprising the Nifty 50 Index in the same proportion as in the
index with the objective of achieving returns equivalent to the Total Returns
Index of Nifty 50 Index by minimizing the performance difference between the
benchmark index and the scheme. The Total Returns Index is an index that
reflects the returns on the index from index gain/loss plus dividend payments
by the constituent stocks. SBI Nifty Index Fund is a Others - Index Fund fund was launched on 17 Jan 02. It is a fund with Moderately High risk and has given a Below is the key information for SBI Nifty Index Fund Returns up to 1 year are on The investment objective of the scheme is to invest in the stocks and equity related instruments comprising the S&P CNX Nifty Index in the same weights as these stocks represented in the Index with the intent to replicate the performance of the Total Returns Index of S&P CNX Nifty index. The scheme will adopt a passive investment strategy and will seek to achieve the investment objective by minimizing the tracking error between the S&P CNX Nifty index (Total Returns Index) and the scheme. IDBI Nifty Index Fund is a Others - Index Fund fund was launched on 25 Jun 10. It is a fund with Moderately High risk and has given a Below is the key information for IDBI Nifty Index Fund Returns up to 1 year are on 1. Nippon India Index Fund - Sensex Plan
CAGR/Annualized
return of 10.6% since its launch. Ranked 74 in Index Fund
category. Return for 2023 was 19.5% , 2022 was 5% and 2021 was 22.4% . Nippon India Index Fund - Sensex Plan
Growth Launch Date 28 Sep 10 NAV (11 Oct 24) ₹41.1371 ↓ -0.12 (-0.28 %) Net Assets (Cr) ₹745 on 31 Aug 24 Category Others - Index Fund AMC Nippon Life Asset Management Ltd. Rating ☆☆ Risk Moderately High Expense Ratio 0.58 Sharpe Ratio 1.69 Information Ratio -8.01 Alpha Ratio -0.58 Min Investment 5,000 Min SIP Investment 100 Exit Load 0-7 Days (0.25%),7 Days and above(NIL) Growth of 10,000 investment over the years.
Date Value 30 Sep 19 ₹10,000 30 Sep 20 ₹9,890 30 Sep 21 ₹15,421 30 Sep 22 ₹15,070 30 Sep 23 ₹17,365 30 Sep 24 ₹22,376 Returns for Nippon India Index Fund - Sensex Plan
absolute basis
& more than 1 year are on CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate)
basis. as on 11 Oct 24 Duration Returns 1 Month -0.2% 3 Month 2% 6 Month 9.1% 1 Year 23.2% 3 Year 11.3% 5 Year 17% 10 Year 15 Year Since launch 10.6% Historical performance (Yearly) on absolute basis
Year Returns 2023 19.5% 2022 5% 2021 22.4% 2020 16.6% 2019 14.2% 2018 6.2% 2017 27.9% 2016 2% 2015 -4.7% 2014 28.7% Fund Manager information for Nippon India Index Fund - Sensex Plan
Name Since Tenure Himanshu Mange 23 Dec 23 0.69 Yr. Data below for Nippon India Index Fund - Sensex Plan as on 31 Aug 24
Asset Allocation
Asset Class Value Cash 0.03% Equity 99.97% Top Securities Holdings / Portfolio
Name Holding Value Quantity HDFC Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Oct 10 | 50018013% ₹97 Cr 593,345
↑ 5,674 Reliance Industries Ltd (Energy)
Equity, Since 31 Oct 10 | 50032511% ₹81 Cr 266,662
↑ 2,550 ICICI Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Oct 10 | 5321749% ₹68 Cr 554,096
↑ 5,298 Infosys Ltd (Technology)
Equity, Since 31 Oct 10 | 5002097% ₹55 Cr 284,712
↑ 2,722 ITC Ltd (Consumer Defensive)
Equity, Since 29 Feb 12 | 5008755% ₹37 Cr 728,265
↑ 6,963 Tata Consultancy Services Ltd (Technology)
Equity, Since 31 Oct 10 | TCS5% ₹36 Cr 79,858
↑ 764 Larsen & Toubro Ltd (Industrials)
Equity, Since 29 Feb 12 | 5005105% ₹34 Cr 92,113
↑ 880 Bharti Airtel Ltd (Communication Services)
Equity, Since 31 Oct 10 | 5324544% ₹33 Cr 210,202
↑ 2,010 Axis Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Dec 13 | 5322153% ₹26 Cr 221,524
↑ 2,118 State Bank of India (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Oct 10 | 5001123% ₹25 Cr 302,508
↑ 2,892 2. LIC MF Index Fund Sensex
CAGR/Annualized
return of 13.7% since its launch. Ranked 79 in Index Fund
category. Return for 2023 was 19% , 2022 was 4.6% and 2021 was 21.9% . LIC MF Index Fund Sensex
Growth Launch Date 14 Nov 02 NAV (11 Oct 24) ₹152.052 ↓ -0.44 (-0.29 %) Net Assets (Cr) ₹86 on 31 Aug 24 Category Others - Index Fund AMC LIC Mutual Fund Asset Mgmt Co Ltd Rating ☆ Risk Moderately High Expense Ratio 0.98 Sharpe Ratio 1.65 Information Ratio 0 Alpha Ratio 0 Min Investment 5,000 Min SIP Investment 1,000 Exit Load 0-1 Months (1%),1 Months and above(NIL) Growth of 10,000 investment over the years.
Date Value 30 Sep 19 ₹10,000 30 Sep 20 ₹9,891 30 Sep 21 ₹15,314 30 Sep 22 ₹14,902 30 Sep 23 ₹17,143 30 Sep 24 ₹21,972 Returns for LIC MF Index Fund Sensex
absolute basis
& more than 1 year are on CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate)
basis. as on 11 Oct 24 Duration Returns 1 Month -0.3% 3 Month 1.8% 6 Month 8.7% 1 Year 22.5% 3 Year 10.8% 5 Year 16.6% 10 Year 15 Year Since launch 13.7% Historical performance (Yearly) on absolute basis
Year Returns 2023 19% 2022 4.6% 2021 21.9% 2020 15.9% 2019 14.6% 2018 5.6% 2017 27.4% 2016 1.6% 2015 -5.4% 2014 29.3% Fund Manager information for LIC MF Index Fund Sensex
Name Since Tenure Sumit Bhatnagar 3 Oct 23 0.91 Yr. Data below for LIC MF Index Fund Sensex as on 31 Aug 24
Asset Allocation
Asset Class Value Equity 100.03% Top Securities Holdings / Portfolio
Name Holding Value Quantity HDFC Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Mar 09 | 50018013% ₹11 Cr 68,629
↓ -377 Reliance Industries Ltd (Energy)
Equity, Since 31 Mar 09 | 50032511% ₹9 Cr 31,162
↓ -130 ICICI Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 30 Apr 09 | 5321749% ₹8 Cr 64,515
↑ 34 Infosys Ltd (Technology)
Equity, Since 31 Mar 09 | 5002097% ₹6 Cr 33,085 ITC Ltd (Consumer Defensive)
Equity, Since 30 Sep 11 | 5008755% ₹4 Cr 84,740
↑ 1,038 Tata Consultancy Services Ltd (Technology)
Equity, Since 31 Mar 09 | TCS5% ₹4 Cr 9,257
↑ 61 Larsen & Toubro Ltd (Industrials)
Equity, Since 31 Mar 09 | 5005105% ₹4 Cr 10,727
↑ 95 Bharti Airtel Ltd (Communication Services)
Equity, Since 30 Apr 09 | 5324544% ₹4 Cr 24,256
↓ -149 Axis Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Dec 13 | 5322154% ₹3 Cr 25,783
↑ 06 State Bank of India (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Mar 09 | 5001123% ₹3 Cr 35,037
↓ -335 3. Franklin India Index Fund Nifty Plan
CAGR/Annualized
return of 13.2% since its launch. Ranked 76 in Index Fund
category. Return for 2023 was 20.2% , 2022 was 4.9% and 2021 was 24.3% . Franklin India Index Fund Nifty Plan
Growth Launch Date 4 Aug 00 NAV (11 Oct 24) ₹200.054 ↓ -0.28 (-0.14 %) Net Assets (Cr) ₹728 on 31 Aug 24 Category Others - Index Fund AMC Franklin Templeton Asst Mgmt(IND)Pvt Ltd Rating ☆ Risk Moderately High Expense Ratio 0.62 Sharpe Ratio 2.02 Information Ratio -4.3 Alpha Ratio -0.69 Min Investment 5,000 Min SIP Investment 500 Exit Load 0-30 Days (1%),30 Days and above(NIL) Growth of 10,000 investment over the years.
Date Value 30 Sep 19 ₹10,000 30 Sep 20 ₹9,782 30 Sep 21 ₹15,309 30 Sep 22 ₹14,959 30 Sep 23 ₹17,227 30 Sep 24 ₹22,748 Returns for Franklin India Index Fund Nifty Plan
absolute basis
& more than 1 year are on CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate)
basis. as on 11 Oct 24 Duration Returns 1 Month 0.2% 3 Month 2.9% 6 Month 10.3% 1 Year 26.6% 3 Year 12.2% 5 Year 17.4% 10 Year 15 Year Since launch 13.2% Historical performance (Yearly) on absolute basis
Year Returns 2023 20.2% 2022 4.9% 2021 24.3% 2020 14.7% 2019 12% 2018 3.2% 2017 28.3% 2016 3.3% 2015 -3.6% 2014 31.2% Fund Manager information for Franklin India Index Fund Nifty Plan
Name Since Tenure Varun Sharma 30 Nov 15 8.76 Yr. Sandeep Manam 18 Oct 21 2.87 Yr. Data below for Franklin India Index Fund Nifty Plan as on 31 Aug 24
Asset Allocation
Asset Class Value Cash 0.6% Equity 99.4% Top Securities Holdings / Portfolio
Name Holding Value Quantity HDFC Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Jan 03 | 50018011% ₹80 Cr 489,818 Reliance Industries Ltd (Energy)
Equity, Since 31 Jan 03 | 5003259% ₹66 Cr 220,094 ICICI Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Jan 10 | 5321748% ₹56 Cr 458,310 Infosys Ltd (Technology)
Equity, Since 29 Feb 12 | 5002096% ₹45 Cr 233,839 Tata Consultancy Services Ltd (Technology)
Equity, Since 28 Feb 05 | TCS4% ₹30 Cr 65,834 ITC Ltd (Consumer Defensive)
Equity, Since 31 Mar 11 | 5008754% ₹29 Cr 586,607 Larsen & Toubro Ltd (Industrials)
Equity, Since 30 Jun 12 | 5005104% ₹28 Cr 76,093 Bharti Airtel Ltd (Communication Services)
Equity, Since 31 Mar 04 | 5324544% ₹27 Cr 172,998 Axis Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 30 Jun 09 | 5322153% ₹22 Cr 185,007 State Bank of India (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Jan 03 | 5001123% ₹20 Cr 249,522 4. SBI Nifty Index Fund
CAGR/Annualized
return of 14.7% since its launch. Ranked 75 in Index Fund
category. Return for 2023 was 20.7% , 2022 was 5.1% and 2021 was 24.7% . SBI Nifty Index Fund
Growth Launch Date 17 Jan 02 NAV (11 Oct 24) ₹219.074 ↓ -0.30 (-0.14 %) Net Assets (Cr) ₹8,484 on 31 Aug 24 Category Others - Index Fund AMC SBI Funds Management Private Limited Rating ☆ Risk Moderately High Expense Ratio 0.5 Sharpe Ratio 2.03 Information Ratio -21.52 Alpha Ratio -0.56 Min Investment 5,000 Min SIP Investment 500 Exit Load 0-15 Days (0.2%),15 Days and above(NIL) Growth of 10,000 investment over the years.
Date Value 30 Sep 19 ₹10,000 30 Sep 20 ₹9,763 30 Sep 21 ₹15,365 30 Sep 22 ₹15,025 30 Sep 23 ₹17,348 30 Sep 24 ₹22,942 Returns for SBI Nifty Index Fund
absolute basis
& more than 1 year are on CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate)
basis. as on 11 Oct 24 Duration Returns 1 Month 0.1% 3 Month 2.8% 6 Month 10.3% 1 Year 26.8% 3 Year 12.3% 5 Year 17.6% 10 Year 15 Year Since launch 14.7% Historical performance (Yearly) on absolute basis
Year Returns 2023 20.7% 2022 5.1% 2021 24.7% 2020 14.6% 2019 12.5% 2018 3.8% 2017 29.1% 2016 3.4% 2015 -4.2% 2014 30.5% Fund Manager information for SBI Nifty Index Fund
Name Since Tenure Raviprakash Sharma 1 Feb 11 13.59 Yr. Pradeep Kesavan 1 Dec 23 0.75 Yr. Data below for SBI Nifty Index Fund as on 31 Aug 24
Asset Allocation
Asset Class Value Cash 0.1% Equity 99.9% Top Securities Holdings / Portfolio
Name Holding Value Quantity HDFC Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Mar 03 | 50018011% ₹934 Cr 5,704,344
↑ 105,842 Reliance Industries Ltd (Energy)
Equity, Since 31 Jan 03 | 5003259% ₹774 Cr 2,562,023
↑ 47,540 ICICI Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Jan 03 | 5321748% ₹655 Cr 5,328,758
↑ 98,874 Infosys Ltd (Technology)
Equity, Since 31 Jan 03 | 5002096% ₹532 Cr 2,735,638
↑ 50,756 ITC Ltd (Consumer Defensive)
Equity, Since 29 Feb 12 | 5008754% ₹351 Cr 6,996,867
↑ 129,824 Tata Consultancy Services Ltd (Technology)
Equity, Since 28 Feb 05 | TCS4% ₹349 Cr 767,238
↑ 14,235 Larsen & Toubro Ltd (Industrials)
Equity, Since 31 Dec 04 | 5005104% ₹328 Cr 885,048
↑ 16,419 Bharti Airtel Ltd (Communication Services)
Equity, Since 29 Feb 04 | 5324544% ₹322 Cr 2,025,675
↑ 37,585 Axis Bank Ltd (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 28 Feb 10 | 5322153% ₹253 Cr 2,153,008
↑ 39,946 State Bank of India (Financial Services)
Equity, Since 31 Jan 03 | 5001123% ₹237 Cr 2,906,370
↑ 53,929 5. IDBI Nifty Index Fund
CAGR/Annualized
return of 10.3% since its launch. Ranked 83 in Index Fund
category. . IDBI Nifty Index Fund
Growth Launch Date 25 Jun 10 NAV (28 Jul 23) ₹36.2111 ↓ -0.02 (-0.06 %) Net Assets (Cr) ₹208 on 30 Jun 23 Category Others - Index Fund AMC IDBI Asset Management Limited Rating ☆ Risk Moderately High Expense Ratio 0.9 Sharpe Ratio 1.04 Information Ratio -3.93 Alpha Ratio -1.03 Min Investment 5,000 Min SIP Investment 500 Exit Load NIL Growth of 10,000 investment over the years.
Date Value 30 Sep 19 ₹10,000 30 Sep 20 ₹9,778 30 Sep 21 ₹15,230 30 Sep 22 ₹14,843 Returns for IDBI Nifty Index Fund
absolute basis
& more than 1 year are on CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate)
basis. as on 11 Oct 24 Duration Returns 1 Month 3.7% 3 Month 9.1% 6 Month 11.9% 1 Year 16.2% 3 Year 20.3% 5 Year 11.7% 10 Year 15 Year Since launch 10.3% Historical performance (Yearly) on absolute basis
Year Returns 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Fund Manager information for IDBI Nifty Index Fund
Name Since Tenure Data below for IDBI Nifty Index Fund as on 30 Jun 23
Asset Allocation
Asset Class Value Top Securities Holdings / Portfolio
Name Holding Value Quantity
खासकर मौजूदा वित्तीय संकट में पैसिव फंड निवेशकों के लिए उम्मीद की किरण साबित हो रहे हैं। पहलेनिवेश किसी भी पैसिव म्यूचुअल फंड में, योजनाओं से संबंधित सभी दस्तावेजों को ध्यान से पढ़ना सुनिश्चित करें। इससे आपको सुरक्षा की भावना के साथ-साथ क्या उम्मीद करनी है और क्या देना है, इसकी समझ हासिल करने में मदद मिलेगी।
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